Credit control · Process

The credit control process, step by step

Credit control is not chasing harder, it is running a process that means you rarely have to. Here is the end-to-end process, from checking a customer before you invoice to escalating while the debt is still collectable.

Good credit control is mostly invisible, because it works before an invoice is ever late. It is a process that runs from the moment you take on a customer to the moment a stubborn debt is escalated, and the businesses with the best cash flow are not the ones who chase hardest but the ones who run the process consistently. Here is that process, stage by stage, with the data on what actually moves the needle.

The short answer

Step 1
Set terms
Agree terms and check the customer
Step 2
Invoice
Bill cleanly on the day
Step 3
Pre-due
Remind before it is due
Step 4
Chase
A fixed cadence after due
Step 5
Escalate
While recovery is still likely
Step 6
Review
Track the numbers monthly

The whole credit control process on one line. Each stage is covered below.

The short version

The credit control process has six stages: check new customers and set terms before you invoice; invoice cleanly on the day of delivery; remind before the due date, not just after; chase on a fixed cadence once an invoice is late; escalate while the debt is still collectable; and review your numbers every month. The single biggest lever is consistency. Businesses that follow up on 100% of overdue invoices are 76% more likely to be paid within a week, yet about a third leave some invoices unchased every month.

  1. Set terms and credit-check before you extend credit.
  2. Invoice cleanly, on the day of delivery.
  3. Remind before the due date.
  4. Chase on a fixed cadence after due.
  5. Escalate while recovery is still likely.
  6. Review the metrics monthly.

Set terms and check customers before you invoice

Credit control starts before the work does. Run a basic credit check on new B2B customers and set a sensible credit limit, then review it as the relationship grows. Put your payment terms in writing, in the contract and on every invoice. The UK statutory default is 30 days; you can agree up to 60, and beyond that only by mutual agreement that is not grossly unfair. This is the cheapest stage to get right, because it avoids the bad debt rather than chasing it later.

Invoice cleanly, on the day

Every day between delivering the work and sending the invoice is a day added directly to your DSO, for no reason. Invoice on the day. Make sure each one carries the right purchase-order number, your bank details, a clear due date, the accepted payment methods, and a line stating your right to charge statutory late-payment interest. A clean invoice removes the two most common stalling excuses: it was wrong, and we never got it.

Remind before the due date, not just after

Most businesses only start chasing once an invoice is already late. A short, friendly reminder a few days before the due date removes the friction before it builds and tends to bring payment forward. The data backs it up: businesses using AR software, which makes pre-due reminders effortless, are about three times more likely to be paid before the due date than those relying on manual follow-up.

Chase on a fixed cadence after due

D
Due date
A same-day, friendly reminder.
+7
Firm reminder
States the amount and the terms.
+14
Phone and fee
A call, plus the late fee applied.
+30
Final notice
Last step before escalation.

A fixed chase cadence after the due date, so nothing slips.

Once an invoice is late, a predictable sequence beats sporadic chasing every time. A workable cadence: an automated reminder on the due date, a follow-up within a few days, a phone call at about a week for anything above a few hundred pounds, a firmer notice at two weeks that references your right to charge interest, and a formal notice at 30 days. The exact steps matter less than running them on every overdue invoice, every time.

Escalate while recovery is still likely

Likelihood of collecting an overdue invoice by age

0 to 30 days
~95%
30 to 60 days
~85%
60 to 90 days
~70%
90 to 120 days
~35%
120 days +
~20%

A widely cited collections rule of thumb. Your numbers will vary, but the direction is universal: older debt is harder to recover, so chase early.

This is where most businesses leave money on the table by waiting too long. The likelihood of collecting a debt falls steeply with age: strong in the first month or two, but down to roughly a third by the time an invoice is 90 to 120 days overdue. That window, around 90 to 120 days, is the last point at which formal action, a letter before action, a debt-collection agency, or a county court claim, still has good odds. Decide your escalation trigger in advance and apply it, rather than letting old debt drift toward write-off.

Review the numbers every month

What you do not measure, you cannot manage. Once a month, calculate your DSO, look at average days delinquent and your collection effectiveness index, and check which accounts slipped a bucket in your aged-debt report. Segment your debtors so chronic late payers get stricter terms or upfront payment on future orders. The monthly review is what turns credit control from firefighting into a process that quietly improves.

When software earns its place

Every stage above can be run by hand, and for a small, steady ledger that is fine. Software earns its place when the manual version starts to slip: when nobody remembers the pre-due reminder, when the cadence breaks during a busy week, or when statutory interest never quite gets applied. AR tools keep the process running and stop the moment an invoice is paid. Our guide to the best credit control software UK compares the options on chasing, fees and reviews.

Frequently asked questions

What are the stages of the credit control process?

Six: check new customers and set terms before you invoice; invoice cleanly on the day; remind before the due date; chase on a fixed cadence once late; escalate while the debt is still collectable; and review your metrics monthly. The thread running through all of them is consistency.

What is the most important part of credit control?

Consistency. The data is striking: businesses that follow up on every overdue invoice are 76% more likely to be paid within a week, yet about a third of businesses leave some invoices unchased each month. The gap between average and excellent is mostly about chasing everything, not about any single clever tactic.

When should I escalate an overdue invoice?

Earlier than most businesses do. Because the chance of collecting drops to around a third by 90 to 120 days overdue, you should be issuing formal notices by 45 to 60 days and escalating to a debt-collection agency or legal action by about 90 days, while recovery is still likely.

Do I need software to run a credit control process?

No, but it helps once the manual version starts to break down. For a small, predictable ledger, a disciplined person with a calendar can run the whole process. Software earns its place when consistency slips, when volume grows, or when you want statutory interest and fees applied automatically every time.

The bottom line

Credit control is a process, not a personality. Check customers before you invoice, bill cleanly and on time, remind before and after the due date on a fixed cadence, escalate while the debt is still collectable, and review the numbers monthly. Run it consistently and you will spend far less time chasing, because far less will be late.

Sources and further reading

Figures cited are from the sources listed and current as of 2026. This guide is published by Accounting.Events, powered by Paidnice.

People also read